今日(6月11日)发表于2 FET在VDS=1V下实现336 µA/µm的IDS,N的转移特性(线性与对数坐标)。(b)同一n型MoS2"优胜"器件的输出特性。(c)我们的"优胜器件"在现有n型二维晶体管文献中的最佳结果对比下的ION,N与IOFF,N(VBG=0V)关系图。(d)我们的"优胜"p型WSe2 FET在VDS=1V下实现306 µA/µm的IDS,P的转移特性(线性与对数坐标)。(e)同一p型WSe2"优胜"器件的输出特性。(f)我们的"优胜器件"在现有p型二维晶体管文献中的最佳结果对比下的ION,P与IOFF,P(VBG=0V)关系图。 ### 扩展数据图3 (a)基于MoS2的NMOS和基于WSe2的PMOS反相器示意图。(b)基于MoS2的NMOS和基于WSe2的PMOS反相器的瞬态响应。(c)比较CMOS、NMOS和PMOS反相器的上升时间(τrise)、下降时间(τfall)和传播延迟(τdelay=τrise+τfall)的柱状图。 ### 扩展数据图4 (a)连接至二维CMOS反相器输出端的负载电容(CL)示意图,用于评估测量装置相关寄生电容CP,setup的影响。(b)不同CL值下的反相器响应。(c)τdelay随CL的变化关系,表明二维CMOS反相器的响应受限于测量装置的寄生电容(CP,setup),估算CP,setup约为100 pF。 ### 扩展数据图5 使用实验数据校准工业标准SPICE兼容BSIM-BULK模型的结果:(a)n型MoS2 FET和(b)p型WSe2 FET。 ### 扩展数据图6 不同逻辑门在负载电容(CL)为1fF时的传播延迟模拟累积分布。 ### 扩展数据图7 (a)在负载电容(CL)为1fF假设下,硅与二维CMOS技术中跨工艺角RSSB操作延迟时间的对比。(b)所提出的二维CMOS OISC实现的相对效率(RE)指标。 **扩展数据表1 n型MoS2 FET性能基准测试参考文献** 全尺寸表格 **扩展数据表2 p型WSe2 FET性能基准测试参考文献** 全尺寸表格 **扩展数据表3 基于硅与非硅材料的集成电路早期演示** 全尺寸表格 ## 补充信息 ### 补充图 补充图1–8。 ## 权利与许可 施普林格·自然或其许可方(例如学会或其他合作方)根据与作者或其他权利人签订的出版协议,对此文持有独家权利;作者对已接受稿件版本的自存档仅受该出版协议条款及适用法律约束。 转载与许可 ## 关于本文 ### 引用本文 Ghosh, S., Zheng, Y., Rafiq, M. et al. 基于互补二维材料的单指令集计算机。Nature**642**, 327–335 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08963-7 下载引用 - 收稿日期:2024年7月22日 - 接受日期:2025年4月2日 - 出版日期:2025年6月11日 - 刊期:2025年6月12日 - DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08963-7 ### 分享本文 您可通过以下链接与任何人共享此内容: 获取可分享链接 抱歉,本文暂无可用分享链接。 复制至剪贴板 由施普林格·自然SharedIt内容共享计划提供 ">Nature期刊的研究成果代表着实现更轻薄、更快速、更高能效电子器件的重大飞跃。研究人员开发了一种互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)计算机——该技术是现代几乎所有电子设备的核心——且未依赖硅材料。相反,他们采用两种不同的二维材料制备了控制CMOS计算机电流所需的两种晶体管:二硫化钼(MoS2)用于n型晶体管,二硒化钨(WSe2)用于p型晶体管。
“硅通过实现场效应晶体管(FET)的持续小型化,驱动了电子学数十年的显著进步,”宾夕法尼亚州立大学Ackley讲席教授、工程科学与力学系教授、研究负责人3纳米膜中初生铁电性的多功能二维FET",Nature Communications, (15), pp. 10739 Harikrishnan Ravichandran, Theresia Knobloch, Shiva Subbulakshmi Radhakrishnan, Christoph Wilhelmer, Sergei P Stepanoff, Bernhard Stampfer, Subir Ghosh, Aaryan Oberoi, Dominic Waldhoer, Chen Chen, Joan M Redwing, Douglas E Wolfe, Tibor Grasser and Saptarshi Das, 2024, "利用二维材料中点缺陷的随机编码器",Nature Communications,**15**, pp. 10562 Yaqing Shen, Kaichen Zhu, Yiping Xiao, Dominic Waldhör, Abdulrahman H Basher, Theresia Knobloch, Sebastian Pazos, Xianhu Liang, Wenwen Zheng, Yue Yuan, Juan B Roldan, Udo Schwingenschlögl, He Tian, Huaqiang Wu, Thomas F Schranghamer, Nicholas Trainor, Joan M Redwing, Saptarshi Das, Tibor Grasser and Mario Lanza, 2024, "采用六方氮化硼电介质与高内聚能金属栅电极的二维材料晶体管",Nature Electronics,**7**, (10), pp. 856-867 Subir Ghosh, Yikai Zheng, Zhiyu Zhang, Yongwen Sun, Thomas F Schranghamer, Najam U Sakib, Aaryan Oberoi, Chen Chen, Joan M Redwing, Yang Yang and Saptarshi Das, 2024, "通过高密度通孔实现二维材料的单片与异质三维集成",Nature Electronics,**7**, pp. 892–903 Andrew Pannone, Aditya Raj, Harikrishnan Ravichandran, Sarbashis Das, Ziheng Chen, Collin A Price, Mahmooda Sultana and Saptarshi Das, 2024, "基于石墨烯化学传感器与机器学习的鲁棒化学分析",Nature,**634**, pp. 572–578 Rahul Pendurthi, Muhtasim Ul Karim Sadaf, Najam U Sakib, Zhiyu Zhang, Yongwen Sun, Chen Chen, Darsith Jayachandran, Aaryan Oberoi, Subir Ghosh, Shalini Kumari, Sergei P Stepanoff, Divya Somvanshi, Douglas E Wolfe, Joan M Redwing, Douglas E Wolfe and Saptarshi Das, 2024, "互补二维场效应晶体管的单片三维集成",Nature Nanotechnology,**19**, pp. 970–977 Akshay Wali, Harikrishnan Ravichandran and Saptarshi Das, 2024, "融合同态加密的二维密码学哈希函数用于安全数字签名",Advanced Materials,**36**, (23), pp. 2470169 Najam U Sakib, Muhtasim Ul Karim Sadaf, Andrew Pannone, Subir Ghosh, Yikai Zheng, Harikrishnan Ravichandran and Saptarshi Das, 2024, "受小龙虾启发的多模态传感融合平台用于视觉、化学与触觉信息的超叠加整合",Nano Letters,**24**, (23), pp. 6948–6956 Saptarshi Das, 2024, "拓扑器件迈出新步伐",Device,**2**, (4), pp. 100359 Akshay Wali and Saptarshi Das, 2024, "面向非冯·诺依曼计算的二维忆阻晶体管:进展与挑战",Advanced Functional Materials,**34**, (15), pp. 2308129 Yikai Zheng, Subir Ghosh and Saptarshi Das, 2024, "受蝴蝶启发的整合视觉与化学线索的多感官神经形态平台",Advanced Materials,**36**, (13), pp. 2307380 Darsith Jayachandran, Rahul Pendurthi, Muhtasim Ul Karim Sadaf, Najam U Sakib, Andrew Pannone, Chen Chen, Ying Han, Nicholas P Trainor, Shalini Kumari, Thomas V V Mc Knight, Joan M Redwing, Yang Yang and Saptarshi Das, 2024, "二维场效应晶体管的三维集成",Nature,**625**, pp. 276-281 Haoyue Zhu, Nadire Nayir, Tanushree H Choudhury, Anushka Bansal, Benjamin Huet, Kunyan Zhang, Alexander A Puretzky, Saiphaneendra Bachu, Krystal York, Thomas V Mc Knight, Nicholas Trainor, Aaryan Oberoi, Ke Wang, Saptarshi Das, Robert A Makin, Steven M Durbin, Shengxi Huang, Nasim Alem, Vincent H Crespi, Adri CT van Duin and Joan M Redwing, 2023, "c面蓝宝石上WSe2外延生长的台阶工程用于成核控制与畴取向调控",Nature Nanotechnology,**18**, (11), pp. 1295-1302 Thomas Schranghamer, Sergei P Stepanoff, Nicholas Trainor, Joan M Redwing, Douglas E Wolfe and Saptarshi Das, 2023, "基于单层MoS2的超微缩光电晶体管",Device,**1**, (4), pp. 100102 Aaryan Oberoi, Ying Han, Sergei P Stepanoff, Andrew Pannone, Yongwen Sun, Yu-Chuan Lin, Chen Chen, Jefferey Shallenberger, Joan M Redwing, Joshua A Robinson, Douglas E Wolfe, Yang Yang and Saptarshi Das, 2023, "面向高性能p型二维场效应晶体管:接触工程、尺寸缩放与掺杂",ACS Nano,**17**, (20), pp. 19709–19723 Muhtasim Ul Karim Sadaf, Najam U Sakib, Andrew Pannone, Harikrishnan F Ravichandran and Saptarshi Das, 2023, "用于多感官整合的仿生视觉-触觉神经元",Nature Communications,**14**, (1), pp. 5729 Subir Ghosh, Andrew Pannone, Dipanjan Sen, Akshay Wali, Harikrishnan F Ravichandran and Saptarshi Das, 2023, "模拟摄食行为生理与心理机制的全二维仿生味觉电路",Nature Communications,**14**, (1), pp. 6021 Riccardo P Torsi, Kyle T Munson, Rahul Pendurthi, Esteban Marques, Benoit Van Troeye, Alexander Karl, Lysander Huberich, Bruno Schuler, Maxwell Feidler, Ke Wang, Geoffrey Pourtois, Saptarshi Das, John B Asbury, Yu-Chuan Lin and Joshua A Robinson, 2023, "稀释铼掺杂及其对MoS2缺陷的影响",ACS Nano,**17**, (16), pp. 15629-15640 Thomas Schranghamer, Najam U Sakib, Muhtasim Ul Karim Sadaf, Shiva Subbulakhshmi Radhakrishnan, Rahul Pendurthi, Ama D Agyapong, Sergei P Stepanoff, Riccardo Torsi, Chen Chen, Joan M Redwing, Joshua A Robinson, Douglas E Wolfe, Suzanne Mohney and Saptarshi Das, 2023, "单层MoS2场效应晶体管的超微缩接触",Nano Letters,**23**, (8), pp. 3426-3434 Harikrishnan Ravichandran, Theresia Knobloch, Andrew D Pannone, Alexander Karl, Bernhard Stampfer, Dominic Waldhoer, Yikai Zheng, Najam U Sakib, Muhtasim Ul Karim Sadaf, Rahul Pendurthi, Riccardo P Torsi, Joshua A Robinson, Tibor Grasser and Saptarshi Das, 2023, "单层MoS2中丰富缺陷动力学的观测",ACS Nano,**17**, (15), pp. 14449-14460 Thomas Schranghamer, Andrew Pannone, Harikrishnan Ravichandran, Sergei P Stepanoff, Nicholas Trainor, Joan M Redwing, Douglas E Wolfe and Saptarshi Das, 2023, "抗辐射二维电子学",ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,**15**, (22), pp. 26946–26959 Darsith Jayachandran, Andrew Pannone, Mayukh Das, Thomas F Schranghamer, Dipanjan Sen and Saptarshi Das, 2023, "基于原子薄光敏忆阻晶体管的昆虫启发的脉冲式夜间碰撞检测器",ACS Nano,**17**, (2), pp. 1068–1080 Akhil Dodda, Darsith Jayachandran, Andrew Pannone, Nicholas Trainor, Sergei P Stepanoff, Megan A Steves, Shiva Subbulakhshmi Radhakrishnan, Saiphaneendra Bachu, Claudio W Ordonez, Jeffrey R Shallenberger, Joan M Redwing, Kenneth Knappenberger, Douglas E Wolfe and Saptarshi Das, 2022, "基于单层MoS2光电晶体管阵列的有源像素传感器矩阵",Nature Materials,**21**, pp. 1379–1387 Shiva Subbulakshmi Radhakrishnan, Akhil Dodda and Saptarshi Das, 2022, "一体化仿生神经网络",ACS Nano,**16**, (12), pp. 20100–20115 Shiva Subbulakshmi Radhakrishnan, Shakya Chakrabarti, Dipanjan Sen, Mayukh Das, Thomas F Schranghamer, Amritanand Sebastian and Saptarshi Das, 2022, "用于增强脉冲神
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Subir Ghosh, Yikai Zheng, Musaib Rafiq, Harikrishnan Ravichandran, Yongwen Sun, Chen Chen, Mrinmoy Goswami, Najam U Sakib, Muhtasim Ul Karim Sadaf, Andrew Pannone, Samriddha Ray, Joan M. Redwing, Yang Yang, Shubham Sahay, Saptarshi Das.A complementary two-dimensional material-based one instruction set computer.Nature, 2025; 642 (8067): 327 DOI:10.1038/s41586-025-08963-7