科学家首次在人体中成功测试了一种人工智能设计的通用冠状病毒疫苗，发现其安全且耐受性良好。该疫苗针对多种冠状病毒产生了免疫反应，包括SARS-CoV-2、SARS以及具有大流行潜力的相关蝙蝠病毒。通过靶向整个病毒家族共有的特征，该疫苗旨在即使病毒发生变异也能提供保护。
这款实验性疫苗由剑桥大学的研究人员及其衍生公司 DIOSynVax (DVX) Ltd 开发，在一项涉及 39 名健康志愿者的研究中，该疫苗被证实安全且未引起显著副作用。
* **Segment 2:** * *Source:* "Unlike conventional vaccines that target specific virus strains, this vaccine was designed to protect against multiple members of the Sarbeco coronavirus family. This group includes SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as SARS and several related bat coronaviruses that could potentially spill over into humans in the future.
" * *Draft:* 与针对特定病毒株的传统疫苗不同，这种疫苗旨在保护 Sarbeco 冠状病毒家族的多个成员。这个群体包括 SARS-CoV-2，导致 COVID-19 大流行的病毒，以及 SARS 和几种相关的蝙蝠冠状病毒，这些病毒未来可能溢出到人类。 * *Refinement:* "Sarbeco coronavirus family" -> Sarbeco冠状病毒亚属/家族 (Usually Sarbecovirus is translated as Sarbeco病毒 or 呼吸道冠状病毒亚属, but keeping "Sarbeco冠状病毒" is clear and accurate in context). "Spill over" -> 溢出 (technical term). * *Polished:*与针对特定病毒株的传统疫苗不同，该疫苗旨在针对 Sarbeco 冠状病毒家族的多种成员提供保护。该家族包括导致 COVID-19 大流行的病毒 SARS-CoV-2，以及 SARS 和几种未来可能溢出感染人类的相关蝙蝠冠状病毒。
* **Segment 3:** * *Source:* "The trial showed that the vaccine stimulated immune responses not only against SARS-CoV-2 and SARS, but also against related bat viruses that have not yet infected humans.
" * *Draft:* 试验显示疫苗不仅刺激了对 SARS-CoV-2 和 SARS 的免疫反应，而且对尚未感染人类的相关蝙蝠病毒也有反应。 * *Refinement:* "Stimulated immune responses" -> 刺激了免疫反应/激发了免疫应答. * *Polished:*试验表明，该疫苗不仅激发了对 SARS-CoV-2 和 SARS 的免疫反应，还激发了对尚未感染人类的相关蝙蝠病毒的免疫反应。
* **Segment 4:** * *Source:* "The findings were published in the Journal of Infection.
" * *Draft:* 发现发表在《感染杂志》上。 * *Refinement:* Journal name translation. Journal of Infection -> 《感染杂志》 or 《感染期刊》. Standard translation is usually 《感染杂志》 or 《感染性疾病杂志》. Let's stick to the literal standard 《感染杂志》. * *Polished:*研究结果发表在《感染杂志》（Journal of Infection）上。
(Adding English name in brackets is common in scientific translation for clarity, but the prompt asks to translate. I will keep the Chinese name). ->研究结果发表在《感染杂志》上。
* **Segment 5:** * *Source:* "AI Designed Vaccine Technology
" * *Draft:*AI 设计的疫苗技术
* *Refinement:* "AI Designed" -> AI设计/人工智能设计. * *Polished:*人工智能设计的疫苗技术
* **Segment 6:** * *Source:* "The study also marked another milestone. It was the first time a vaccine whose active ingredient was created entirely through computer simulations was tested in people.
" * *Draft:* 研究也标志着另一个里程碑。这是第一次在人体中测试一种活性成分完全通过计算机模拟创造的疫苗。 * *Refinement:* "Active ingredient" -> 活性成分. "Tested in people" -> 在人体中进行测试. * *Polished:*该研究也标志着另一个里程碑。这是首次在人体中测试一种活性成分完全通过计算机模拟生成的疫苗。
* **Segment 7 (HTML tag):** `Researchers used artificial intelligence and machine learning to design what they call a "super-antigen." The antigen is the component of a vaccine that trains the immune system to recognize and fight infection.
" * *Draft:* 研究人员使用人工智能和机器学习设计了他们所谓的“超级抗原”。抗原是疫苗的成分，训练免疫系统识别和对抗感染。 * *Refinement:* "Super-antigen" -> 超级抗原. "Trains" -> 训练. * *Polished:*研究人员利用人工智能和机器学习设计了他们所称的“超级抗原”。抗原是疫苗中训练免疫系统识别并对抗感染的成分。
* **Segment 9:** * *Source:* "Rather than focusing on a single virus strain, the AI system analyzed genetic information from Sarbeco coronaviruses collected through surveillance programs worldwide. Using this information, it identified features shared across the entire virus group and combined them into a single vaccine antigen.
" * *Draft:* AI 系统没有关注单一病毒株，而是分析了通过全球监测项目收集的 Sarbeco 冠状病毒的遗传信息。利用这些信息，它识别了整个病毒群共享的特征，并将它们结合成一个单一的疫苗抗原。 * *Refinement:* "Surveillance programs" -> 监测项目/监测计划. "Combined" -> 整合/结合. * *Polished:*AI 系统并未局限于单一病毒株，而是分析了通过全球监测项目收集的 Sarbeco 冠状病毒的遗传信息。利用这些信息，系统识别了整个病毒群共有的特征，并将其整合为单一的疫苗抗原。
* **Segment 10:** * *Source:* "The goal is to create protection not only against known viruses, but also against future strains that have not yet emerged.
" * *Draft:* 目标是不仅针对已知病毒创造保护，也针对尚未出现的未来毒株。 * *Refinement:* "Create protection" -> 提供保护/建立保护. * *Polished:*其目标不仅是针对已知病毒提供保护，还要针对尚未出现的未来毒株提供保护。
* **Segment 11:** * *Source:* ""This trial proves the safety of an entirely new way of designing vaccines. The technology uses an AI-designed 'super-antigen' to provide lasting protection against a broad range of viruses -- for example the Ebola group, or Sarbeco coronavirus group -- even as they mutate."
" * *Draft:* “这项试验证明了一种全新的疫苗设计方式的安全性。该技术使用 AI 设计的‘超级抗原’来提供针对广泛病毒的持久保护——例如埃博拉群，或 Sarbeco 冠状病毒群——即使它们突变。” * *Refinement:* "Even as they mutate" -> 即使在病毒发生突变时/即便病毒发生变异. * *Polished:*“这项试验证实了一种全新疫苗设计方法的安全性。该技术利用 AI 设计的‘超级抗原’提供针对广泛病毒的持久保护——例如埃博拉病毒群或 Sarbeco 冠状病毒群——即便病毒发生变异也能奏效。”
* **Segment 12:** * *Source:* "Researchers believe the same strategy could eventually be applied to other virus families, including Ebola viruses and influenza viruses.
" * *Draft:* 研究人员相信同样的策略最终可以应用于其他病毒家族，包括埃博拉病毒和流感病毒。 * *Refinement:* "Eventually" -> 最终. * *Pol * "He added": 他补充道。 * "We've overcome the problem of traditional vaccines, which have limited protection": 我们克服了传统疫苗保护效力有限的问题。 * "It means we can escape the constant cycle of chasing the virus variants circulating in humans": 这意味着我们可以摆脱不断追逐在人群中传播的病毒变异株的循环。 * "and updating the vaccines to try to catch up": 以及更新疫苗试图赶上病毒变异的速度。 * "like a dog chasing its tail": 就像狗追自己的尾巴一样（徒劳无功/陷入死循环）。 * *Draft:* 他补充道：“我们克服了传统疫苗保护效力有限的问题。这意味着我们可以摆脱那种不断追逐在人群中传播的病毒变异株、并更新疫苗试图追赶的循环，就像狗追自己的尾巴一样。” * *Segment 2:* By targeting features shared across an entire virus family, researchers hope the vaccine will remain effective even as new variants appear. * "By targeting features shared across an entire virus family": 通过靶向整个病毒家族共有的特征。 * "researchers hope the vaccine will remain effective": 研究人员希望该疫苗能保持有效。 * "even as new variants appear": 即使出现新的变异株。 * *Draft:* 通过靶向整个病毒家族共有的特征，研究人员希望即使出现新的变异株，该疫苗仍能保持有效。 * *Segment 3:* **Human Clinical Trial Results** * *Draft:* **人体临床试验结果** * *Segment 4:* Volunteers between the ages of 18 and 50 received the vaccine at National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Clinical Research Facilities in Southampton and Cambridge. * "Volunteers between the ages of 18 and 50": 年龄在18至50岁之间的志愿者。 * "received the vaccine": 接种了该疫苗。 * "at National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Clinical Research Facilities": 在国家健康与护理研究所（NIHR）临床研究设施。 * "in Southampton and Cambridge": 位于南安普顿和剑桥。 * *Draft:* 年龄在18至50岁之间的志愿者在南安普顿和剑桥的国家健康与护理研究所（NIHR）临床研究设施接种了该疫苗。 * *Segment 5:* The study was sponsored by University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust (UHSFT). * "The study was sponsored by": 该研究由……赞助/资助。 * "University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust (UHSFT)": 南安普顿大学医院国民保健制度信托基金会（UHSFT）。(Standard translation for NHS Foundation Trust). * *Draft:* 该研究由南安普顿大学医院国民保健制度信托基金会（UHSFT）赞助。 * *Segment 6:* The vaccine's super-antigen can be used with several different vaccine delivery platforms. In this trial, researchers delivered it as a DNA vaccine using a micro fluid jet system. * "The vaccine's super-antigen": 该疫苗的超抗原。 * "can be used with several different vaccine delivery platforms": 可用于多种不同的疫苗递送平台。 * "In this trial": 在本次试验中。 * "researchers delivered it as a DNA vaccine": 研究人员将其作为DNA疫苗进行递送。 * "using a micro fluid jet system": 使用微射流系统（or 无针射流系统, but "micro fluid jet" suggests specific tech. "Micro-jet" or "fluid jet" usually refers to needle-free jet injection. Let's stick to a technical translation like 微射流系统 or 无针射流系统. Given "micro fluid jet", "微射流系统" is accurate technically). * *Draft:* 该疫苗的超抗原可与几种不同的疫苗递送平台配合使用。在本次试验中，研究人员利用微射流系统将其作为DNA疫苗进行递送。 * *Segment 7:* Because the method does not require a needle, it could offer an alternative for people who are uncomfortable with injections. Researchers also believe it may make large scale vaccination campaigns easier and faster, particularly in settings where traditional injections are more difficult to administer. * "Because the method does not require a needle": 由于该方法不需要针头。 * "it could offer an alternative for people who are uncomfortable with injections": 它可以为不适应注射的人群提供一种替代方案。 * "Researchers also believe": 研究人员还认为。 * "it may make large scale vaccination campaigns easier and faster": 它可能使大规模疫苗接种活动变得更轻松、更快捷。 * "particularly in settings where traditional injections are more difficult to administer": 特别是在难以实施传统注射的环境中。 * *Draft:* 由于该方法无需针头，它可以为那些对注射感到不适的人群提供一种替代方案。研究人员还认为，这可能使大规模疫苗接种活动变得更加简便快捷，特别是在难以实施传统注射的环境中。 * *Segment 8:* Before human testing began, animal studies showed the vaccine could generate strong immune responses against multiple coronaviruses. * "Before human testing began": 在人体测试开始之前。 * "animal studies showed": 动物研究表明。 * "the vaccine could generate strong immune responses": 该疫苗能产生强烈的免疫反应。 * "against multiple coronaviruses": 针对多种冠状病毒。 * *Draft:* 在人体测试开始之前，动物研究表明该疫苗能够针对多种冠状病毒产生强烈的免疫反应。 * *Segment 9:* The vaccine still requires additional testing before it could become available for public use. A larger Phase 2 study is planned to evaluate immune responses in a broader and more diverse group of participants and to confirm the vaccine's ability to generate strong, wide ranging protection. * "The vaccine still requires additional testing": 该疫苗仍需进行额外测试。 * "before it could become available for public use": 才能供公众使用。 * "A larger Phase 2 study is planned": 计划开展一项更大规模的II期研究。 * "to evaluate immune responses": 以评估免疫反应。 * "in a broader and more diverse group of participants": 在更广泛、更多样化的参与者群体中。 * "and to confirm the vaccine's ability": 并确认该疫苗的能力。 * "to generate strong, wide ranging protection": 产生强效、广泛的保护作用。 * *Draft:* 该疫苗在可供公众使用之前仍需进行额外测试。计划开展一项更大规模的II期研究，以在更广泛、更多样化的参与者群体中评估免疫反应，并确认该疫苗产生强效、广泛保护作用的能力。 * *Segment 10:* **Preparing for Future Pandemic Threats** * *Draft:* **为未来的大流行威胁做准备** * *Segment 11:* Scientists say the need for broader vaccine protection remains urgent because many potentially dangerous viruses continue to circulate in animals around the world. * "Scientists say": 科学家表示。 * "the need for broader vaccine protection remains urgent": 对更广泛疫苗保护的需求仍然迫切。 * "because many potentially dangerous viruses": 因为许多潜在的危险病毒。 * "continue to circulate in animals around the world": 继续在世界各地的动物中传播。 * *Draft:* 科学家表示，对更广泛疫苗保护的需求仍然迫切，因为许多潜在的危险病毒继续在世界各地的动物中传播。 * *Segment 12:* "Viruses like Influenza, Coronaviruses and the Ebola group are evolving continuously and by the time vaccines are rolled out, they may be poorly matched -- the current "reactive" vaccine system struggles to keep pace," said Professor Saul Faust from the University of Southampton, the trial's chief investigator. * "Viruses like Influenza, Coronaviruses and the Ebola group": 像流感病毒、冠状病毒和埃博拉病毒群这样的病毒。 * "are evolving continuously": 正在不断进化。 * "and by the time vaccines are rolled out": 而当疫苗推出时。 * "they may be poorly matched": 它们（疫苗）可能已经不匹配了。 * "the current "reactive" vaccine system struggles to keep pace": 当前的“反应式”疫苗系统难以跟上步伐。 * "said Professor Saul Faust from the University of Southampton": 南安普顿大学的Saul Faust教授表示。 * "the trial's chief investigator": 该试验的首席研究员。 * *Draft:* 该试验的首席研究员、南安普顿大学的Saul Faust教授表示：“流感病毒、冠状病毒和埃博拉病毒 * *This milestone was only made possible through...:* 这一里程碑的实现仅得益于……之间的合作 * *partnerships between the life sciences sector and our world-class NIHR infrastructure in Cambridge and Southampton:* 生命科学领域与我们在剑桥和南安普顿的世界级NIHR基础设施之间的合作 * *NIHR:* National Institute for Health Research -> 英国国家健康与护理研究所 (Standard translation). Usually kept as NIHR or translated fully. I will use the full name or the acronym if common. Let's use "英国国家健康与护理研究所（NIHR）" for clarity or just "NIHR基础设施" if the context implies the audience knows it. Given the instruction to be professional, "NIHR基础设施" is acceptable, but "英国国家健康与护理研究所（NIHR）" is safer. Let's stick to the flow: "我们在剑桥和南安普顿的世界级NIHR基础设施". * *whose Clinical Research Facilities provided the vital expertise and environment needed...:* 其临床研究设施提供了所需的关键专业知识和环境 * *to safely fast-track this innovation:* 以安全地加速这一创新 * *and bring it one big step closer to patients:* 并使其向患者迈进了一大步 * *Draft:* 她补充道：“这一里程碑的实现仅得益于生命科学领域与我们在剑桥和南安普顿的世界级NIHR基础设施之间的合作，其临床研究设施提供了安全加速这一创新所需的关键专业知识和环境，使其向患者迈进了一大步。” * **Segment 2:** "Researchers note that SARS-CoV-2 and other Sarbeco coronaviruses remain public health concerns." * *Researchers note that:* 研究人员指出， * *SARS-CoV-2:* SARS-CoV-2（或严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型，but usually kept as SARS-CoV-2 in professional contexts or translated as "新冠病毒" loosely, but strictly it's SARS-CoV-2. Let's use SARS-CoV-2 for precision). * *other Sarbeco coronaviruses:* 其他Sarbecovirus亚属冠状病毒（or just Sarbecovirus冠状病毒）. "Sarbecovirus" is a subgenus. Scientific term: Sarbecovirus. Chinese: Sarbecovirus亚属病毒 or 乙型冠状病毒支系B. Let's use "Sarbecovirus冠状病毒" or "Sarbecovirus亚属冠状病毒" for accuracy. * *remain public health concerns:* 仍然是公共卫生关注的问题/隐患。 * *Draft:* 研究人员指出，SARS-CoV-2和其他Sarbecovirus亚属冠状病毒仍然是公共卫生关注的焦点。 * **Segment 3:** "At the same time, many other viruses continue to circulate in animals and could potentially cross into humans, although it is impossible to predict which virus might emerge next or when." * *At the same time:* 与此同时， * *many other viruses continue to circulate in animals:* 许多其他病毒继续在动物中传播 * *and could potentially cross into humans:* 并有可能跨物种传播给人类（"cross into humans" usually implies spillover/zoonotic transfer）. * *although it is impossible to predict which virus might emerge next or when:* 尽管无法预测下一个出现的病毒会是什么或何时出现。 * *Draft:* 与此同时，许多其他病毒继续在动物中传播，并有可能跨物种感染人类，尽管无法预测下一种出现的病毒会是什么或何时出现。 * **Segment 4:** "The project was funded primarily by Innovate UK." * *The project was funded primarily by...:* 该项目主要由……资助。 * *Innovate UK:* 英国创新署（Standard translation）。 * *Draft:* 该项目主要由英国创新署资助。 * **Segment 5:** "DIOSynVax, short for Digitally Immune Optimised Synthetic Vaccines, was founded in 2017 as a University of Cambridge spinout with support from Cambridge Enterprise, the university's commercialization arm." * *DIOSynVax, short for Digitally Immune Optimised Synthetic Vaccines:* DIOSynVax是“数字免疫优化合成疫苗”的缩写。 * *was founded in 2017 as a University of Cambridge spinout:* 成立于2017年，是剑桥大学的一家衍生公司。 * *with support from Cambridge Enterprise, the university's commercialization arm:* 并在剑桥大学商业化部门——剑桥实业的支持下。 * *Draft:* DIOSynVax是“数字免疫优化合成疫苗”的缩写，该公司成立于2017年，是剑桥大学的一家衍生企业，并在该大学商业化部门剑桥实业的支持下成立。 * **Segment 6:** "The company's vaccine development pipeline also includes candidates targeting seasonal influenza, pandemic influenza threats, hemorrhagic fever viruses, and coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2." * *The company's vaccine development pipeline:* 该公司的疫苗研发管线 * *also includes candidates targeting...:* 还包括针对……的候选疫苗 * *seasonal influenza:* 季节性流感 * *pandemic influenza threats:* 大流行性流感威胁 * *hemorrhagic fever viruses:* 出血热病毒 * *and coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2:* 以及包括SARS-CoV-2在内的冠状病毒。 * *Draft:* 该公司的疫苗研发管线还包括针对季节性流感、大流行性流感威胁、出血热病毒以及包括SARS-CoV-2在内的冠状病毒的候选疫苗。 * **Segment 7:** "Jonathan Heeney is Professor of Comparative Pathology at the University of Cambridge and a Fellow of Darwin College." * *Jonathan Heeney:* 乔纳森·希尼 * *Professor of Comparative Pathology:* 比较病理学教授 * *at the University of Cambridge:* 剑桥大学 * *and a Fellow of Darwin College:* 达尔文学院院士 * *Draft:* 乔纳森·希尼是剑桥大学比较病理学教授兼达尔文学院院士。 3. **Final Review and Polish:** * *Paragraph 1:* "She added..." -> 她补充道：“这一里程碑的实现仅得益于生命科学领域与我们在剑桥和南安普顿的世界级NIHR基础设施之间的合作，其临床研究设施提供了安全加速这一创新所需的关键专业知识和环境，使其向患者迈进了一大步。” * *Critique:* "NIHR infrastructure" -> "NIHR基础设施". "Clinical Research Facilities" -> "临床研究设施". "Fast-track" -> "加速推进" or "快速通道". "Safely fast-track" -> "安全地加速推进". "Bring it one big step closer to patients" -> "使其离患者更近了一大步" or "使其向患者迈进了一大步". The draft looks good. * *Paragraph 2:* "Researchers note..." -> 研究人员指出，SARS-CoV-2和其他Sarbecovirus亚属冠状病毒仍然是公共卫生关注的焦点。与此同时，许多其他病毒继续在动物中传播，并有可能跨物种感染人类，尽管无法预测下一种出现的病毒会是什么或何时出现。 * *Critique:* "Sarbeco coronaviruses" -> "Sarbecovirus亚属冠状病毒" is scientifically accurate. "Cross into humans" -> "跨物种感染人类" is standard. "Public health concerns" -> "公共卫生隐患" or "关注的焦点". "关注的焦点" fits well. * *Paragraph 3:* "The project was funded..." -> 该项目主要由英国创新署资助。 (Correct). * *Paragraph 4:* "DIOSynVax..." -> DIOSynVax是“数字免疫优化合成疫苗”的缩写，该公司成立于2017年，是剑桥大学的一家衍生企业，并在该大学商业化部门剑桥实业的支持下成立。 * *Critique:* "Spinout" -> "衍生企业" or "拆分出来的公司". "衍生企业" is standard. "Cambridge Enterprise