斯坦福大学新型芯片以惊人的低能耗将光增强100倍

* Draft: 光放大器的工作原理与音频放大器非常相似，只不过它们放大的是光而不是声音。 * Refinement: "Boost" -> 放大/增强. "Amplify" is standard. * *Para 1 cont.:* Traditional compact versions require significant power to operate, which limits their efficiency. * Draft: 传统的紧凑型设备需要大量功率才能运行，这限制了它们的效率。 * *Para 1 cont.:* The new device, described in the journal Nature, overcomes this challenge by reusing much of the energy needed to run it. * Draft: 这种发表在《自然》杂志上的新设备，通过重复利用其运行所需的大部分能量，克服了这一挑战。 * *Para 2:* "We've demonstrated, for the first time, a truly versatile, low-power optical amplifier, one that can operate across the optical spectrum and is efficient enough that it can be integrated on a chip," said Amir Safavi-Naeini... * Draft: “我们首次展示了一种真正通用、低功耗的光放大器，它可以在整个光谱范围内工作，并且效率足够高，可以集成在芯片上，”该研究的资深作者、斯坦福大学人文与科学学院物理学副教授Amir Safavi-Naeini说。 * Refinement: "Optical spectrum" -> 光谱. "Senior author" -> 资深作者/通讯作者 (in academic context, usually 通讯作者, but senior author is literally 资深作者. I will use 资深作者 or 通讯作者? "Senior author" usually implies the PI. Let's stick to 资深作者 as a direct translation or 通讯作者 if adapting to Chinese academic norms. "Senior author" is specific. I will use 资深作者). "School of Humanities and Sciences" -> 人文与科学学院. * *Para 2 cont.:* "That means we can now build much more complex optical systems than were possible before." * Draft: “这意味着我们现在可以构建比以前可能实现的复杂得多的光学系统。” * *Para 3:* The amplifier developed at Stanford can increase the intensity of a light signal by about 100 times while using only a few hundred milliwatts of power. * Draft: 斯坦福大学开发的这种放大器可以将光信号的强度增加约100倍，而仅消耗几百毫瓦的功率。 * *Para 3 cont.:* That is far less energy than similar devices typically require. * Draft: 这远低于类似设备通常所需的能量。 * *Para 3 cont.:* Because it is both efficient and small, it could run on a battery and be built into devices such as laptops or smartphones. * Draft: 由于它既高效又小巧，可以依靠电池运行，并内置到笔记本电脑或智能手机等设备中。 * *Heading 1:* Reduced Noise and Greater Bandwidth * Draft: 降低噪声与更大带宽 * *Para 4:* Like their audio counterparts, optical amplifiers can introduce unwanted noise when boosting signals. * Draft: 就像音频放大器一样，光放大器在放大信号时也会引入不必要的噪声。 * *Para 4 cont.:* The researchers showed that their design keeps this noise to a minimum. * Draft: 研究人员表明，他们的设计将这种噪声保持在最低水平。 * *Para 4 cont.:* It also operates across a wider range of wavelengths than existing amplifiers, which means it can carry more data with less interference. * Draft: 它的工作波长范围也比现有放大器更宽，这意味着它可以承载更多数据且干扰更少。 * *Para 5:* This type of amplifier relies on energy stored in a light beam that acts as a "pump." Its performance depends on how intense that pump light is. * Draft: 这种类型的放大器依赖于充当“泵浦”的光束中存储的能量。其性能取决于泵浦光的强度。 * Refinement: "Pump" in optics is translated as "泵浦". * *HTML Tag:* ` ` -> Keep as is. * *Para 6:* "By recycling the energy of the pump that powers this amplifier, we made it more efficient, and this doesn't come at a cost to its other properties," said Devin Dean... * Draft: “通过回收为该放大器供电的泵浦能量，我们提高了其效率，而且这并没有牺牲其其他性能，”该研究的共同第一作者、Safavi-Naeini实验室的博士生Devin Dean说。 * Refinement: "Co-first author" -> 共同第一作者. "Come at a cost to" -> 以...为代价/牺牲. * *Heading 2:* Recycling Light Energy for Stronger Signals * Draft: 回收光能以增强信号 * *Para 7:* The team achieved this efficiency using a resonant design similar to methods already used in lasers. * Draft: 该团队利用一种类似于激光中已使用方法的谐振设计实现了这种效率。 * *Para 7 cont.:* Dean described it as an "energy recycling trick." * Draft: Dean将其描述为一种“能量回收技巧”。 * *Para 7 cont.:* In simple terms, the system sends light back on itself, allowing it to build strength over time, much like light bouncing between two mirrors. * Draft: 简而言之，该系统将光反射回自身，使其强度随时间增强，就像光在两面镜子之间反弹一样。 * *Para 8:* Inside this amplifier, the pump light is generated Dean 表示：“一旦做到这一点，应用前景确实非常广阔，因为它们体积微小，可以大规模生产并由电池供电。它们可能用于数据通信、生物传感、制造新型光源或诸多不同领域。”

 

潜在应用与研究支持

来自斯坦福大学的其他共同作者包括共同第一作者、Safavi-Naeini 实验室博士生 Taewon Park；应用物理学教授 Martin Fejer；博士后研究员 Hubert Stokowski；以及博士生 Sam Robison、Alexander Hwang、Luke Qi 和 Jason Herrmann。

Dean、Park、Safavi-Naeini 和 Stokowski 是一项专利申请的发明人，该专利涵盖了在功率受限的光子传感器中实现量子优势的方法。

这项工作得到了美国国防高级研究计划局、NTT Research 和美国国家科学基金会的部分支持。