加州大学戴维斯分校的研究人员通过利用紫外线照射氨基酸基分子,制备出了全新的类致幻化合物。这些化合物激活了与大脑可塑性和心理健康益处相关的关键血清素受体,但令人惊讶的是,在动物实验中并未引发类致幻行为。科学家表示,这一发现有望促成未来治疗抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)和成瘾的疗法,且不会产生强烈的致幻体验。
这些研究成果发表在《美国化学会志》(*Journal of the American Chemical Society*)上。
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"The question that we were trying to answer was, 'Is there whole new class of drugs in this field that hasn't been discovered?" said study author Joseph Beckett, a Ph.D. student working with Professor Mark Mascal, UC Davis Department of Chemistry, and an affiliate of the UC Davis Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics (IPN). "The answer in the end was, 'Yes.'"
` * *Draft:* “我们试图回答的问题是,‘这个领域是否存在一整类尚未被发现的全新药物?’”研究作者约瑟夫·贝克特说,他是加州大学戴维斯分校化学系马克·马斯卡尔教授指导的博士生,也是加州大学戴维斯分校迷幻药与神经治疗研究所(IPN)的附属成员。“最终的答案是,‘是的’。” * *Refinement:* "Affiliate" can be translated as 成员 or 关联人员. "Affiliate of the institute" -> 该研究所的成员/附属成员. "Whole new class" -> 全新的一类. * *Final:*“我们试图回答的问题是,‘该领域是否存在一整类尚未被发现的全新药物?’”研究作者约瑟夫·贝克特说道,他是加州大学戴维斯分校化学系马克·马斯卡尔教授指导的博士生,也是加州大学戴维斯分校迷幻药与神经治疗研究所(IPN)的成员。“最终的答案是,‘是的’。”
* **Segment 3:** `The work could lead to a more efficient and environmentally friendly approach for discovering serotonin-targeting drugs that provide some of the therapeutic effects linked to psychedelics without dramatically altering perception.
` * *Draft:* 这项工作可能导致一种更有效和环保的方法来发现靶向血清素的药物,这些药物提供一些与迷幻药相关的治疗效果,而不会显著改变感知。 * *Refinement:* "Lead to" -> 带来/促成. "Serotonin-targeting drugs" -> 靶向血清素药物/5-羟色胺靶向药物. (Serotonin is usually 血清素 or 5-羟色胺 in Chinese medical contexts. I will use 血清素 as it's more common in general science news, but 5-羟色胺 is more formal. Let's stick to 血清素 for readability or 5-羟色胺 for precision. Later in the text, it mentions 5-HT2A, which is 5-羟色胺受体. I will use 血清素 here for consistency with "serotonin-targeting" and the general tone). "Dramatically altering perception" -> 显著改变感知/知觉. * *Final:*这项工作可能会带来一种更高效、更环保的方法,用于发现靶向血清素的药物,这些药物能提供某些与迷幻药相关的治疗效果,且不会显著改变知觉。
* **Segment 4:** `"In medicinal chemistry, it's very typical to take an existing scaffold and make modifications that just tweak the pharmacology a little bit one way or another," said study author Trey Brasher, also a Ph.D. student in the Mascal Lab and an affiliate of IPN. "But especially in the psychedelic field, completely new scaffolds are incredibly rare. And this is the discovery of a brand-new therapeutic scaffold."
` * *Draft:* “在药物化学中,取一个现有的支架并进行修饰,只是稍微调整药理学,这是非常典型的,”研究作者特雷·布拉舍说,他也是马斯卡尔实验室的博士生和IPN的成员。“但在迷幻药领域,全新的支架极其罕见。这是一个全新治疗支架的发现。” * *Refinement:* "Scaffold" -> 骨架/支架. In medicinal chemistry, "骨架" (scaffold) is the standard term. "Tweak the pharmacology" -> 微调药理学特性. "One way or another" -> 以某种方式. * *Final:*“在药物化学中,通常的做法是利用现有的骨架进行修饰,只是以某种方式对药理学特性稍作调整,”研究作者特雷·布拉舍说道,他也是马斯卡尔实验室的博士生及IPN成员。“但在迷幻药领域,全新的骨架极其罕见。而这正是一个全新治疗骨架的发现。”
* **Segment 5:** `Building New Psychedelic-Like Molecules With UV Light
` * *Draft:* 用紫外光构建新的类迷幻分子 * *Refinement:* "Psychedelic-Like" -> 类迷幻/类似迷幻药的. "Molecules" -> 分子. * *Final:*利用紫外光构建新型类迷幻分子
* **Segment 6:** `To create the compounds, the researchers combined several amino acids with tryptamine, a naturally occurring metabolite derived from the essential amino acid tryptophan. The team then exposed the resulting molecules to ultraviolet light, triggering chemical changes that produced entirely new compounds with potential medical applications.
` * *Draft:* 为了制造这些化合物,研究人员将几种氨基酸与色胺结合,色胺是一种源自必需氨基酸色氨酸的天然代谢产物。然后团队将产生的分子暴露在紫外光下,引发化学变化,产生了具有潜在医疗应用的全新化合物。 * *Refinement:* "Tryptamine" -> 色胺. "Tryptophan" -> 色氨酸. "Essential amino acid" -> 必需氨基酸. "Metabolite" -> 代谢产物. * *Final:*为了制造这些化合物,研究人员将几种氨基酸与色胺结合,色胺是一种源自必需氨基酸色氨酸的天然代谢产物。随后,团队将生成的分子暴露于紫外线下,触发了化学变化,从而产生了具有潜在医疗应用价值的全新化合物。
* **Segment 7:** `Using computer modeling, the scientists evaluated how strongly 100 of the new compounds interacted with the brain's 5-HT2A serotonin receptor.
` * *Draft:* 使用计算机建模,科学家评估了100种新化合物与大脑5-HT2A血清素受体相互作用的强度。 * *Refinement:* "Computer modeling" -> 计算机建模. "5-HT2A serotonin receptor" -> 5-HT2A血清素受体 (or 5-羟色胺受体). I will keep the subscript formatting. * *Final:*科学家利用计算机建模,评估了100种新化合物与大脑中5-HT2A血清素受体相互作用的强度。
* **Segment 9:** `From that group, five compounds were selected for more detailed laboratory testing. Their activity levels ranged from 61% to 93%. The strongest performer acted as a full agonist, meaning it could trigger the maximum biological response possible from the 5-HT2A receptor system.
` * *Draft:* 从该组中,选择了五种化合物进行更详细的实验室测试。它们的活性水平范围从61%到93%。表现最强的是作为完全激动剂,意味着它可以从5-HT2A受体系统触发最大的生物反应。 * *Refinement:* "Activity levels" -> 活性水平. "Full agonist" -> 完全激动剂. "Strongest performer" -> 表现最强的化合物. * *Final:*从中筛选出五种化合物进行更详细的实验室测试。它们的活性水平介于61%至93%之间。表现最强的化合物作为完全激动 研究团队目前计划调查是否有其他血清素受体可能在减少或阻断 D5 产生的类致幻效应。 “我们确定该支架本身具有一系列活性,”Brasher 说。“但现在的重点是阐明这种活性,并理解为什么 D5 和类似分子作为完全激动剂时却是非致幻的。” 论文的其他作者包括加州大学戴维斯分校的 Mark Mascal 和 Lena E. H. Svanholm;HepatoChem 公司的 Marc Bazin、Ryan Buzdygon 和 Steve Nguyen;威斯康星医学院的 John D. McCorvy、Allison A. Clark 和 Serena S. Schalk;以及加州大学圣地亚哥分校的 Adam L. Halberstadt 和 Bruna Cuccurazza。 此处报道的研究由美国国立卫生研究院和 Source 研究基金会的拨款资助。