多吃水果和蔬菜与意想不到的肺癌风险相关

* Draft: 但是，来自USC诺里斯综合癌症中心（南加州大学凯克医学中心的一部分）的新发现表明，对于特定人群可能存在意想不到的风险。 * "Research presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research indicates that non-smoking Americans under age 50 who follow healthier diets could face a higher risk of developing lung cancer." * Draft: 在美国癌症研究协会年会上发表的研究表明，遵循更健康饮食的50岁以下美国非吸烟者可能面临更高的患肺癌风险。 * *Para 2:* "Our research shows that younger non-smokers who eat a higher quantity of healthy foods than the general population are more likely to develop lung cancer," said Jorge Nieva, MD... * Draft: “我们的研究表明，食用健康食物数量高于普通人群的年轻非吸烟者更有可能患上肺癌，”USC诺里斯医学肿瘤学家兼肺癌专家、该研究的主要研究者Jorge Nieva医学博士说。 * "These counter-intuitive findings raise important questions about an unknown environmental risk factor for lung cancer related to otherwise beneficial food that needs to be addressed." * Draft: “这些反直觉的发现提出了重要问题，即与原本有益的食物有关的、未知的肺癌环境风险因素，这需要加以解决。” (Refining: "related to otherwise beneficial food" -> 与原本有益的食物相关的...) * *Heading 1:* Possible Role of Pesticides in Lung Cancer Risk * Draft: 农药在肺癌风险中的潜在作用 * *Para 3:* Researchers believe the explanation may lie in environmental exposure, particularly pesticides used in agriculture. * Draft: 研究人员认为，解释可能在于环境暴露，特别是农业中使用的农药。 * According to Nieva, commercially produced (non-organic) fruits, vegetables and whole grains are more likely to carry higher levels of pesticide residue compared to dairy, meat and many processed foods. * Draft: 根据Nieva的说法，与乳制品、肉类和许多加工食品相比，商业化生产（非有机）的水果、蔬菜和全谷物更有可能携带更高水平的农药残留。 * *Para 4:* He also pointed out that agricultural workers who are regularly exposed to pesticides tend to have higher rates of lung cancer, which supports the possibility of a connection. * Draft: 他还指出，经常接触农药的农业工人往往肺癌发病率较高，这支持了两者存在联系的可能性。 * *Para 5:* The study also found that young women who do not smoke are diagnosed with lung cancer more often than men in the same age group. * Draft: 研究还发现，不吸烟的年轻女性被诊断出肺癌的频率高于同年龄段的男性。 * Women in the study also tended to consume more fruits, vegetables and whole grains than men. * Draft: 研究中的女性往往比男性食用更多的水果、蔬菜和全谷物。 * *Heading 2:* Rising Lung Cancer Cases in Younger Non-Smokers * Draft: 年轻非吸烟者中肺癌病例的增加 * *Para 6:* Lung cancer has traditionally been associated with older adults (the average age of lung cancer onset is 71), smokers and, historically, men. * Draft: 传统上，肺癌一直与老年人（肺癌发病平均年龄为71岁）、吸烟者以及历史上的男性群体相关联。 * *Para 7:* While smoking rates have declined since the mid-1980s, leading to an overall drop in lung cancer cases in the United States, one group stands out. * Draft: 虽然自20世纪80年代中期以来吸烟率有所下降，导致美国肺癌病例总体减少，但有一群组显得尤为突出。 * Non-smokers age 50 and younger, particularly women, are now experiencing increasing rates of lung cancer and are more likely than men to develop the disease. * Draft: 50岁及以下的非吸烟者，尤其是女性，目前的肺癌发病率正在上升，并且比男性更容易患上这种疾病。 * *Para 8:* To better understand this trend, scientists launched the Epidemiology of Young Lung Cancer Project. * Draft: 为了更好地了解这一趋势，科学家启动了年轻肺癌流行病学项目。 * The study included 187 patients diagnosed with lung cancer before age 50. * Draft: 该研究纳入了187名在50岁之前被诊断出肺癌的患者。 * Participants shared information about their demographics, diet, smoking history and diagnosis. * Draft: 参与者分享了有关其人口统计学、饮食、吸烟史和诊断的信息。 * *Para 9:* Most of these patients had never smoked. * Draft: 这些患者中的大多数从未吸烟。 * They were also diagnosed with a form of lung cancer that is biologically different from the type linked to smoking. * Draft: 他们被诊断出的肺癌类型在生物学上也不同于与吸烟相关的类型。 * A 2021 study from the Epidemiology of Young Lung Cancer Project, the Genomics of Young Lung Cancer Project, showed that lung cancer subtypes in people under 40 differ from those seen in older adults. * Draft: 2021年一项来自年轻肺癌流行病学项目和年轻肺癌基因组学项目的研究表明，40岁以下人群的肺癌亚型与在老年人中观察到的不同。 * *Heading 3:* Healthier Diet Scores Among Lung Cancer Patients * Draft: 肺癌患者的饮食健康评分更高 4. **Review and Refine:** * Check for flow and terminology. * "USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center" -> 南加州大学诺里斯综合癌症中心 (Standard translation). * "Keck Medicine of USC" -> 南加州大学凯克医学中心. * "American Association for Cancer Research" -> 美国癌症研究协会. * "Medical oncologist" -> 肿瘤内科医生 / 医学肿瘤学家. "肿瘤内科医生" is more common in clinical contexts, but "医学肿瘤学家" fits the academic tone. Let's use "医学肿瘤学家" or just "肿瘤学家". Let's stick to "医学肿瘤学家" for precision. * "Counter-intuitive" * *Key terms:* evaluate (评估), diet quality (饮食质量), Healthy Eating Index (HEI) (健康饮食指数), scores (评分), scale of 1-100 (1到100分的量表/范围). * *Draft:* 为了评估饮食质量，研究人员使用了健康饮食指数（HEI），该指数按1到100分的量表对饮食进行评分。 * *Sentence 2:* "Young non-smoking lung cancer patients had an average HEI score of 65, compared to the national average of 57." * *Key terms:* Young non-smoking lung cancer patients (年轻的不吸烟肺癌患者), average HEI score (平均HEI得分), national average (全国平均水平). * *Draft:* 年轻的不吸烟肺癌患者的平均HEI得分为65分，而全国平均分为57分。 * *Sentence 3:* "Women in the study generally had higher HEI scores than men." * *Key terms:* Women (女性), generally (通常/总体上). * *Draft:* 研究中的女性总体上比男性拥有更高的HEI得分。 * *Sentence 4:* "Participants also reported eating more fruits, vegetables and whole grains than the average American." * *Key terms:* Participants (参与者), reported (报告), fruits, vegetables and whole grains (水果、蔬菜和全谷物), average American (普通美国人/美国平均水平). * *Draft:* 参与者还报告称，他们食用的水果、蔬菜和全谷物多于普通美国人。 * *Sentence 5:* "On average, they consumed 4.3 servings of dark green vegetable and legumes and 3.9 servings of whole grains daily." * *Key terms:* On average (平均而言), consumed (食用/摄入), servings (份), dark green vegetable and legumes (深绿色蔬菜和豆类), whole grains (全谷物). * *Draft:* 平均而言，他们每天摄入4.3份深绿色蔬菜和豆类，以及3.9份全谷物。 * *Sentence 6:* "By comparison, the typical U.S. adult eats 3.6 servings of dark green vegetables and legumes and 2.6 servings of whole grains per day." * *Key terms:* By comparison (相比之下), typical U.S. adult (典型的美国成年人). * *Draft:* 相比之下，典型的美国成年人每天食用3.6份深绿色蔬菜和豆类，以及2.6份全谷物。 * *Sentence 7:* "More Research Needed on Pesticides and Cancer" (Heading) * *Draft:* 需要更多关于农药与癌症的研究 * *Sentence 8:* "Nieva emphasized that more research is needed to confirm any link between pesticide exposure and lung cancer in younger people, especially women." * *Key terms:* Nieva (Nieva/尼瓦 - usually keep the name or transliterate, I will use the surname as is common in scientific translation unless a standard transliteration is requested, but often just the surname is fine. Let's stick to "Nieva" or "Nieva博士" if context implies Dr., but here just Nieva. Actually, later it says "Dr. Nieva", so I can use Nieva here), emphasized (强调), confirm (证实), link (联系/关联), pesticide exposure (农药暴露/接触农药). * *Draft:* Nieva强调，需要更多的研究来证实农药暴露与年轻人（尤其是女性）肺癌之间的任何联系。 * *Sentence 9:* "In this study, researchers did not directly measure pesticide levels in the foods participants ate." * *Key terms:* directly measure (直接测量), pesticide levels (农药水平/含量). * *Draft:* 在这项研究中，研究人员并没有直接测量参与者所吃食物中的农药含量。 * *Sentence 10:* "Instead, they estimated exposure using existing data on average pesticide levels in food categories such as fruits, vegetables and grains." * *Key terms:* estimated exposure (估算暴露量), existing data (现有数据), food categories (食物类别). * *Draft:* 相反，他们利用水果、蔬菜和谷物等食物类别中农药平均含量的现有数据来估算暴露量。 * *Sentence 11:* "The next step, according to Nieva, is to measure pesticide levels directly in patients through blood or urine samples." * *Key terms:* next step (下一步), blood or urine samples (血液或尿液样本). * *Draft:* 根据Nieva的说法，下一步是通过血液或尿液样本直接测量患者体内的农药含量。 * *Sentence 12:* "This could help determine whether certain pesticides are more strongly associated with lung cancer risk than others." * *Key terms:* determine (确定), certain pesticides (特定农药), associated with (与...相关). * *Draft:* 这有助于确定某些农药是否比其他农药与肺癌风险的关联性更强。 * *Sentence 13:* "This work represents a critical step toward identifying modifiable environmental factors that may contribute to lung cancer in young adults," said Nieva. * *Key terms:* critical step (关键一步), identifying (识别), modifiable environmental factors (可改变的环境因素), contribute to (导致/促成). * *Draft:* Nieva说：“这项工作代表了向识别可能导致年轻人患肺癌的可改变环境因素迈出的关键一步。” * *Sentence 14:* "Our hope is that these insights can guide both public health recommendations and future investigation into lung cancer prevention." * *Key terms:* insights (见解/发现), guide (指导), public health recommendations (公共卫生建议), investigation (调查/研究), lung cancer prevention (肺癌预防). * *Draft:* “我们希望这些见解既能指导公共卫生建议，又能指导未来对肺癌预防的研究。” * *Sentence 15:* "The research is supported by the Addario Lung Cancer Medical Institute, a nonprofit focused on advancing lung cancer research and care, as well as AstraZeneca, the Beth Longwell Foundation, Genentech, GO2 for Lung Cancer and Upstage Lung Cancer." * *Key terms:* supported by (由...支持/资助), Addario Lung Cancer Medical Institute (Addario肺癌医学研究所), nonprofit (非营利组织), advancing (推进), AstraZeneca (阿斯利康), Genentech (基因泰克). 注明: Foundation names usually translated or kept if no standard exists. Beth Longwell Foundation -> 贝丝·朗威尔基金会 (transliteration). Upstage Lung Cancer -> Upstage Lung Cancer (often kept or translated as "战胜肺癌" but organization names are tricky, safer to keep English or literal translation. Let's check standard translations. AstraZeneca and Genentech have standard Chinese names. GO2 for Lung Cancer is often GO2 Foundation. I will translate the well-known ones and keep the specific proper nouns or transliterate where appropriate). * *Refining names:* * Addario Lung Cancer Medical Institute -> Addario肺癌医学研究所 * AstraZeneca -> 阿斯利康 * Beth Longwell Foundation -> Beth Longwell基金会 (or transliterate 贝斯·朗威尔基金会) * Genentech -> 基因泰克 * GO2 for Lung Cancer -> GO2肺癌组织 (or keep GO2 for Lung Cancer) * Upstage Lung Cancer -> Upstage Lung Cancer (Organization name, usually kept or translated as "Upstage Lung Cancer"). * *Draft:* 该研究由专注于推进肺癌研究和护理的非营利组织Addario肺癌医学研究所，以及阿斯利康（AstraZeneca）、Beth Longwell基金会、基因泰克（Genentech）、GO2 for Lung Cancer和Upstage Lung Cancer支持。 * *Sentence 16:* "Researchers also received funding from the National Institutes of Health, grant number R25CA225513 and the National Cancer Institute, grant number P30CA014089." * *Key terms:* National Institutes of Health (美国国立卫生研究院 - NIH), grant number (资助编号/拨款编号), National Cancer Institute (美国国家癌症研究所 - NCI). * *Draft:* 研究人员还获得了美国国立卫生研究院（资助编号R25CA225513）和美国国家癌症研究所（资助编号P30CA014089）的资助。 * *Sentence 17:* "Disclosure: Dr. Nieva has received consulting payments from AstraZeneca and Genentech." * *Key terms:* Disclosure (披露/声明), consulting payments (咨询费). * *Draft:* 披露：Nieva博士曾收到阿斯利康和基因泰克的咨询费。 3. **Review and Refine:** * *Check HTML tags:* The input has `

 

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